1.Proximity (noun)=निकटता/समीप
Meaning/अर्थ: nearness in space, time, or relationship.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची : closeness, nearness, presence, juxtaposition, propinquity
Example/उदाहरण :
Turkey’s position on Kashmir has traditionally reflected its proximity
to Pakistan, guided by the links between the two military
establishments.
Meaning/अर्थ: abolish, invalidate, or reverse (a previous system, decision, situation, etc.).
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:
cancel, reverse, rescind, repeal, revoke, retract, countermand,
withdraw, take back, rule against, disallow, override, overrule, veto,
set aside, quash, overthrow.
Example/उदाहरण:
According to Mr. Ghosh, Mr. Modi’s electoral victory in 2014 was
reminiscent of Mr. Erdoğan becoming Prime Minister when his Justice and
Development Party (AKP) won in 2002; in both cases, their parties
associated with religious organisations had overturned long standing
‘secular-nationalist elites’.
3.Coterminous (adjective)=सह-सीमावर्ती
Meaning/अर्थ: having the same boundaries or extent in space, time, or meaning.
Example/उदाहरण:
The proposed changes permit Mr. Erdoğan to get two terms of five years
each after the 2019 elections, appoint at will vice-presidents and
cabinet members and 12 out of 15 supreme court judges, abolish the post
of prime minister, provides for simultaneous presidential and
parliamentary elections and coterminous tenures, enlarges the parliament
to 600 seats while reducing the minimum age of candidacy for
parliament to 18 years.
4.Relegate (verb)=बाहर निकाल देना/निर्वासित कर देना
Meaning/अर्थ: assign an inferior rank or position to.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: downgrade, lower, lower in rank or status, put down, move down;
Example/उदाहरण:
The doctrine is a bold announcement, but without the necessary elements
in place, it will remain just another document like the policy
formulations enunciated earlier. Or worse, it will be relegated to being
another political slogan for popular resonance rather than send out a
message of intent beyond Indian borders and shores.
5.Discrepancy (noun)=विसंगति/अंतर
Meaning/अर्थ: an illogical or surprising lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:
inconsistency, difference, disparity, variance, variation, deviation,
divergence, disagreement, dissimilarity, dissimilitude, mismatch, lack
of similarity, contrariety.
Example/उदाहरण:
Last week, we got a set of queries from readers pointing out
discrepancies in two reports pertaining to the crisis in sand quarrying
in Tamil Nadu. R. Vidyasagar, an engineer from Chennai, highlighted
two differing figures, both in the number of quarries in the State and
functional quarries.
6.Verbatim (adverb & adjective)=प्रतिशब्द
Meaning/अर्थ: in exactly the same words as were used originally.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:
word for word, letter for letter, line for line, to the letter,
literally, exactly, precisely, in every detail, closely, faithfully,
religiously, rigorously, punctiliously, with strict attention to detail,
strictly.
Example/उदाहरण:
The public broadcaster, NPR, has a rule: “attribute everything.” It
says: “Attribute, attribute and attribute some more. No material from
another source should ever be included verbatim, or substantially so,
without attribution… When in doubt, err on the side of attributing —
that is, make it very clear where we’ve gotten our information (or where
the organization we give credit to has gotten its information).”
7.Disseminate (verb)=प्रसारित करना/प्रचार करना
Meaning/अर्थ: spread (something, especially information) widely.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:
spread, circulate, distribute, disperse, diffuse, proclaim, promulgate,
propagate, publicize, communicate, pass on, make known, put about.
Example/उदाहरण:
It avoids the risk of having the newspapers used to disseminate
material for which the author is unwilling to take public
responsibility.”
8.Usher (verb)=उपशिक्षक/प्रवेक्षक
Meaning/अर्थ: show or guide (someone) somewhere.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:
escort, accompany, help, assist, take, show, see, lead, show someone
the way, lead the way, conduct, guide, steer, pilot, shepherd, convoy
Example/उदाहरण:
Just beyond the block is a Jhuggi Jhopri (squatter settlement) cluster
where heaps of garbage mixed with sludge drawn from drains and leaking
water taps marks the entry to the settlement. Although he has no formal
position, the Pradhan or cluster leader is ushered in to meet us.
9.Sludge (noun)=कीचड़
Meaning/अर्थ:
thick, soft, wet mud or a similar viscous mixture of liquid and solid
components, especially the product of an industrial or refining process.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: mud, muck, mire, ooze, silt, alluvium, dirt, slime, slush, slurry.
Example/उदाहरण:
Just beyond the block is a Jhuggi Jhopri (squatter settlement) cluster
where heaps of garbage mixed with sludge drawn from drains and leaking
water taps marks the entry to the settlement.
10.Ambiguous=अस्पष्ट/अनेकाथी
Meaning/अर्थ: open to more than one interpretation; not having one obvious meaning.
Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: equivocal, ambivalent, open to debate, open to argument.
Example/उदाहरण: Citizen’s perception of public services provided by the rural governance institutions in India is very clear. Indian cities, however, have a far messier governance structure where the larger question of what urban citizens respond to and how their demands are met remains ambiguous.
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