1.Plaudits (noun)=शाबाशी/प्रोत्साहित करना

Meaning/अर्थ: praise.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: praise, acclaim, acclamation, commendation, congratulations, encomiums, approval, approbation, accolades, compliments, cheers, tributes, salutes, 

Example/उदाहरण: Many Western diplomats and development-walas, cheered on by their Kathmandu plaudits, tend to portray Nepal as a failed or failing state. The alternative view would describe a resilient polity finding its balance despite the chicanery of national politicians and unremitting external interventionism.

2.Promulgate (verb)=घोषणा करना

Meaning/अर्थ: promote or make widely known (an idea or cause).

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: make known, make public, publicize, spread, communicate, propagate, disseminate, circulate, broadcast, promote, announce, proclaim.

Example/उदाहरण: Nepal emerged in 2006 from the under the weight of Maoist killings and state atrocities to finally promulgate a Constitution in September 2015, overcoming the suffocating embrace of Western aid agencies and overt activism of Indian diplomats and intelligence-walas.

3.Permeate (verb)=रिसना/व्याप्त होना

Meaning/अर्थ: spread throughout (something); pervade.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: pervade, spread through, fill, filter through, diffuse through, imbue, penetrate, pass through, percolate through, perfuse, extend throughout, be disseminated through, flow through, charge, suffuse, run through, steep, impregnate, inform, infiltrate

Example/उदाहरण: While the plains politicians, many of whom lost elections in 2013 and don’t have a seat in Parliament, have created endless hurdles in attempts to implement the Constitution, the ‘national’ politicians of Kathmandu refuse to exhibit the inclusive spirit that permeates the new charter they themselves adopted.

4.Coalesce (verb)

Meaning: come together to form one mass or whole.

Example: The plains-based parties, which recently coalesced into the Rastriya Janata Party (RJP), have been able to manipulate the weaknesses of the present Nepali Congress-Maoist coalition government to force unconscionable compromises in conduct of the elections.

5.Roughshod (adjective)=संगठित होना/सम्मिलित होना

Meaning/अर्थ: (of a horse) having shoes with nail heads projecting to prevent slipping.

Example/उदहारण: Through immediate amendment to the Constitution, running roughshod over parliamentary procedure, they want to increase the number of local bodies units in the plains, adjust the electoral college system for the Upper House, and redefine the boundaries of the newly minted provinces — essentially setting a Lakshman Rekha between hill and plain.

6.Travesty (noun)=उपहासात्मक रचना/झूठा

Meaning/अर्थ: a false, absurd, or distorted representation of something.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  misrepresentation, distortion, perversion, corruption, poor imitation, poor substitute, mockery, parody, caricature;

Example/उदहारण: All of which is a travesty of constitutionalism, as the proper entity for amendment of provisions of substance would be the newly elected Parliament rather than the caretaker House of today. Among other things, redrawing of boundaries should require concurrence of the federal units concerned, rather than be a matter of unilateral decision by the centre.

7.Vantage (noun)=सहूलियत

Meaning/अर्थ: a place or position affording a good view of something.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  point of view, viewpoint, standpoint, stance, stand, view, opinion, position, way of thinking, frame of mind, outlook, perspective, angle,

Example/उदाहरण: Seen from the vantage of Kathmandu, India very much wants to be a world player but has failed to build a global voice even in these times of geopolitical and economic convulsion. From Brexit to the South China Sea, the Belt and Road Initiative and the multiple crises from Afghanistan to the Horn of Africa, few seem to be asking for New Delhi’s position and perspective. 

8.Envisage (verb)=परिकल्पना

Meaning/अर्थ: contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  foresee, predict, forecast, foretell, anticipate, expect, think likely, envision.

Example/उदाहरण: These polls are to elect representatives in the ward, village, municipal and metropolitan councils that will have decentralised decision-making powers related to local revenue generation and spending, along with the formulation of laws in this regard. These councils are similar to the village development committees of the past, but have far more powers as self-governing units envisaged in the new  Constitution.

9.Catapult (verb)=गुलेल/लांच करना

Meaning/अर्थ: hurl or launch (something) with or as if with a catapult.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: propel, launch, hurl, hurtle, fling, send flying, send, let fly, let loose, fire

Example/उदाहरण: At that time the Maoists were punished for their inability to provide stability and work for development, planks that had catapulted them to a dominant position in the first CA polls in 2008.

10.Embolden (verb)=प्रोत्साहित करना/उत्साह देना

Meaning/अर्थ: give (someone) the courage or confidence to do something.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  give courage, make brave/braver, encourage, hearten, strengthen, fortify,

Example/उदाहरण: Now, their finishing in the third place in the hills is a reflection of the failure of their leadership, including Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal, to differentiate itself as a credible alternative to the UML and the NC. The UML’s success so far will embolden it to continue its status quoist positions on the redrawing of provincial boundaries

1.Plaudits (noun)=शाबाशी/प्रोत्साहित करना

Meaning/अर्थ: praise.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: praise, acclaim, acclamation, commendation, congratulations, encomiums, approval, approbation, accolades, compliments, cheers, tributes, salutes, 

Example/उदाहरण: Many Western diplomats and development-walas, cheered on by their Kathmandu plaudits, tend to portray Nepal as a failed or failing state. The alternative view would describe a resilient polity finding its balance despite the chicanery of national politicians and unremitting external interventionism.

2.Promulgate (verb)=घोषणा करना

Meaning/अर्थ: promote or make widely known (an idea or cause).

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: make known, make public, publicize, spread, communicate, propagate, disseminate, circulate, broadcast, promote, announce, proclaim.

Example/उदाहरण: Nepal emerged in 2006 from the under the weight of Maoist killings and state atrocities to finally promulgate a Constitution in September 2015, overcoming the suffocating embrace of Western aid agencies and overt activism of Indian diplomats and intelligence-walas.

3.Permeate (verb)=रिसना/व्याप्त होना

Meaning/अर्थ: spread throughout (something); pervade.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: pervade, spread through, fill, filter through, diffuse through, imbue, penetrate, pass through, percolate through, perfuse, extend throughout, be disseminated through, flow through, charge, suffuse, run through, steep, impregnate, inform, infiltrate

Example/उदाहरण: While the plains politicians, many of whom lost elections in 2013 and don’t have a seat in Parliament, have created endless hurdles in attempts to implement the Constitution, the ‘national’ politicians of Kathmandu refuse to exhibit the inclusive spirit that permeates the new charter they themselves adopted.

4.Coalesce (verb)

Meaning: come together to form one mass or whole.

Example: The plains-based parties, which recently coalesced into the Rastriya Janata Party (RJP), have been able to manipulate the weaknesses of the present Nepali Congress-Maoist coalition government to force unconscionable compromises in conduct of the elections.

5.Roughshod (adjective)=संगठित होना/सम्मिलित होना

Meaning/अर्थ: (of a horse) having shoes with nail heads projecting to prevent slipping.

Example/उदहारण: Through immediate amendment to the Constitution, running roughshod over parliamentary procedure, they want to increase the number of local bodies units in the plains, adjust the electoral college system for the Upper House, and redefine the boundaries of the newly minted provinces — essentially setting a Lakshman Rekha between hill and plain.

6.Travesty (noun)=उपहासात्मक रचना/झूठा

Meaning/अर्थ: a false, absurd, or distorted representation of something.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  misrepresentation, distortion, perversion, corruption, poor imitation, poor substitute, mockery, parody, caricature;

Example/उदहारण: All of which is a travesty of constitutionalism, as the proper entity for amendment of provisions of substance would be the newly elected Parliament rather than the caretaker House of today. Among other things, redrawing of boundaries should require concurrence of the federal units concerned, rather than be a matter of unilateral decision by the centre.

7.Vantage (noun)=सहूलियत

Meaning/अर्थ: a place or position affording a good view of something.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  point of view, viewpoint, standpoint, stance, stand, view, opinion, position, way of thinking, frame of mind, outlook, perspective, angle,

Example/उदाहरण: Seen from the vantage of Kathmandu, India very much wants to be a world player but has failed to build a global voice even in these times of geopolitical and economic convulsion. From Brexit to the South China Sea, the Belt and Road Initiative and the multiple crises from Afghanistan to the Horn of Africa, few seem to be asking for New Delhi’s position and perspective. 

8.Envisage (verb)=परिकल्पना

Meaning/अर्थ: contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a desirable future event.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  foresee, predict, forecast, foretell, anticipate, expect, think likely, envision.

Example/उदाहरण: These polls are to elect representatives in the ward, village, municipal and metropolitan councils that will have decentralised decision-making powers related to local revenue generation and spending, along with the formulation of laws in this regard. These councils are similar to the village development committees of the past, but have far more powers as self-governing units envisaged in the new  Constitution.

9.Catapult (verb)=गुलेल/लांच करना

Meaning/अर्थ: hurl or launch (something) with or as if with a catapult.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची: propel, launch, hurl, hurtle, fling, send flying, send, let fly, let loose, fire

Example/उदाहरण: At that time the Maoists were punished for their inability to provide stability and work for development, planks that had catapulted them to a dominant position in the first CA polls in 2008.

10.Embolden (verb)=प्रोत्साहित करना/उत्साह देना

Meaning/अर्थ: give (someone) the courage or confidence to do something.

Synonyms/पर्यायवाची:  give courage, make brave/braver, encourage, hearten, strengthen, fortify,

Example/उदाहरण: Now, their finishing in the third place in the hills is a reflection of the failure of their leadership, including Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal, to differentiate itself as a credible alternative to the UML and the NC. The UML’s success so far will embolden it to continue its status quoist positions on the redrawing of provincial boundaries