1.Polygamy (noun)=बहुविवाह

Meaning/अर्थ: the practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same time.

Example/उदाहरण: The Supreme Court today will begin hearing arguments in Shayara Bano v. Union of India, which has popularly come to be known as the “triple talaq case”. This case, in which the constitutional validity of certain practices of Muslim personal law such as triple talaq, polygamy, and nikah  halala has been challenged, has created political controversy across the spectrum.

2.Adjudicate (verb)=निर्णय करना

Meaning/अर्थ: make a formal judgement on a disputed matter., act as a judge in a competition.

synonyms/पर्यायवाची: judge, adjudge, try, hear, examine, arbitrate, decide on, decide, settle, resolve, determine, pronounce on, give a ruling on, sit in judgement on, pass judgement on, give a verdict on, make a ruling on.

Example/उदाहरण: One would expect the judges of the Supreme Court to adjudicate the constitutional validity of triple talaq (and, if they choose, of the other practices under question as well) detached from the political debate, and strictly in accordance with law. 

3.Instantaneous (adjective)=तात्कालिक/तुरंत

Meaning/अर्थ: occurring or done instantly.

synonyms/पर्यायवाची: immediate, instant, on-the-spot, prompt, direct, swift, speedy, rapid, quick, expeditious, express, lightning.

Example/उदाहरण: They draw a distinction between instantaneous talaq, or talaq-i-bidat (where divorce is complete when “talaq” is uttered three times in succession) with talaq ahasan, which requires a 90-day period of abstinence after the pronouncement, and talaq hasan, which requires  a one-month-long abstinence gap between utterances. The latter two are part of Islamic personal law, but the first one is not.

4.Tangled (adjective)=पेचीदा

Meaning/अर्थ: twisted together untidily; matted.

Example/उदाहरण: On this view, the Supreme Court need not go into tangled and messy questions involving personal law and the Constitution; it can decide the question on its own terms.

5.Jurisprudence (noun)=न्यायशास्र

Meaning/अर्थ: the theory or philosophy of law., a legal system.

Example/उदाहरण: Such an outcome would be an easy one for the court to achieve, and of a piece with decades of consistent jurisprudence.

6.Marauding (adjective)=लूटने के लिए

Meaning/अर्थ: going about in search of things to steal or people to attack.

Example/उदाहरण: In the Congress too, the leadership issue is more or less settled. Denying Chief Minister Siddaramaiah another shot at power would only weaken the party further. In any case, in the latest round of by-elections he  held his own against a marauding BJP.

7.Hierarchy (noun)=अनुक्रम/पदक्रम

Meaning/अर्थ: a system in which members of an organization or society are ranked according to relative status or authority.

synonyms/पर्यायवाची: pecking order, ranking, grading, ladder, social order, social stratum, social scale, class system.

Example/उदाहरण: The Congress leadership may see a benefit in having two power centres. Karnataka 2018 might turn out to be a fight between Mr. Yeddyurappa and Mr. Siddaramaiah, but the election will be won and lost on how those lower down the hierarchy pull their weight.

8.Bonhomie (noun)=खुशमिज़ाजी/अच्छा स्वाभाव

Meaning/अर्थ: cheerful friendliness; geniality.

synonyms/पर्यायवाची: geniality, congeniality, conviviality, cordiality, affability, amiability, sociability, friendliness, warmth, warm-heartedness, good nature, good humour, joviality, cheerfulness, good cheer, cheeriness, jollity, happiness

Example/उदाहरण: The bonhomie around the Donald Trump-Xi Jinping meet in Mar-a-Lago, U.S., in April is a pointer  to how the global order changes.  A 100-day plan to balance trade was a key outcome here  and the Forum has the potential to do the same for the Asian giants.

9.Impetus (noun)=प्रेरणा/प्रोत्साहन

Meaning/अर्थ: the force or energy with which a body moves.

synonyms/पर्यायवाची: momentum, propulsion, impulsion, impelling force, motive force, driving force, drive, thrust, continuing motion.

Example/उदहारण: Despite their territorial dispute, strategic differences and military deployment in the South China Sea, China and Japan have just agreed to strengthen financial cooperation, and the Forum could provide an impetus to settling the border dispute between India and China.

10.Alienate (verb)=पृथक करना

Meaning/अर्थ: make (someone) feel isolated or estranged.

synonyms/पर्यायवाची: estrange, turn away, set apart, drive apart, isolate, detach, distance, put at a distance.

Example/उदाहरण: The bold announcement should allay the apprehensions of sceptics who would have assumed that Mr. Moon may be rather soft towards the North, as well as those who feared that engaging Pyongyang could alienate the U.S.